[Distraction osteogenesis as treatment for craniofacial deformities]. / Los grandes síndromes craneofaciales. Su tratamiento con distracción ósea.

Distraction osteogenesis is a surgical technique for treating different craniofacial deformities. The sophisticated clinical expression of craniosynosotosis in the face, as well as in the skull can be corrected using different osteotomies, in which we can include the frontal bone, orbits, the malar bones and the maxillae. Once the osteotomy has been completed, we can use the distraction devices to achieve the planned bone advancement. This procedure can be also performed with endoscopic techniques producing less morbidity, with minimal complications, simultaneously producing a highly satisfactory correction of the frontal deformity, the exorbitismus, the malar and the mid-face retrusion in these patients. As the distraction procedure is gradual, soft tissues resistance against the advancement can be easily superated achieving larger antero-posterior bone advancement that can vary between 16 to 32 mm in the frontal area and between 9 to 16 mm in the maxillae. The new position of the bones are maintained in place for new bone formation areas over the osteotomy lines. The aesthetic and functional changes after the procedure have been highly satisfactory in these patients.

Los grandes síndromes craneofaciales: Su tratamiento con distracción ósea / Distraction osteogenesis as treatment for craniofacial deformities

La distracción ósea es una técnica quirúrgica con la que diferentes deformidades craneofaciales se pueden corregir. Las craneosinostosis y su compleja expresión clínica en la cara y en el cráneo, hoy en día son factibles de tratarse utilizando diferentes osteotomías donde se incluye el frontal, órbitas, los malares y el maxilar, para luego realizar el avance planificado con distracción ósea. Cuando este procedimiento se hace en forma asistida con métodos endoscópicos se produce menor morbilidad bajando en forma muy importante la tasa de complicaciones y resolviendo en forma muy satisfactoria la deformidad frontal, el exorbitismo, la hipoplasia malar y la re trusión del tercio medio en estos pacientes. Como la distracción es un proceso gradual, la resistencia de los tejidos blandos al avance se puede vencer fácilmente lográndose grandes avances en sentido anteropostero que fluctúan entre 16 y 32 mm., en el frontal y entre 9 y 16 mm., en el maxilar. Los avances óseos se mantienen por el hueso neo- formado sobre las líneas de osteotomías y los cambios estético-funcionales son muy satisfactorios.

Distraction osteogenesis is a surgical technique for treating different craniofacial deformities. The sophisticated clinical expression of craniosynostosis in the face, as well as in the skull can be corrected using different osteotomies, in which we can include the frontal bone, orbits, the malar bones and the maxillae. Once the osteotomy has been completed, we can use the distraction devices to achieve the planned bone advancement. This procedure can be also performed with endoscopic techniques producing less morbility, with minimal complications, simultaneously producing a highly satisfactory correction of the frontal deformity, the exorbitismus, the malar and the mid- face retrusion in these patients. As the distraction procedure is gradual, soft tissues resistance against the advancement can be easily superated achieving larger antero posterior bone advancement that can vary between 16 to 32 mm in the frontal area and between 9 to 16 mm in the maxillae. The new position of the bones are maintained in place for new bone formation areas over the osteotomy lines. The aesthetic and functional changes after the procedure have been highly satisfactory in these patients.